Special Relativity: Postulates and Consequences

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                                                   Amazing optical illusions - Business Insider

Do you notice the wheels turning in this picture? Much like the picture, special relativity gets confusing because of its counterintuitive use of perspectives. As discussed in the previous post, special relativity is based upon 2 deceivingly clever postulates. By solely using these 2 ground rules, a variety of implications, connecting to scenarios of travelling at relativistic speeds, can be traced out. 


WHAT ARE THE 2 POSTULATES?

The 2 postulates are as follows:
  • In all inertial, non-accelerating frames of reference, the fundamental laws of physics are identical and applicable. 
  • The speed of light in a vacuum is constant, regardless of the motion of the frame of reference.
These postulates arose from previously proven theories, such as Maxwell's theory of electromagnetism and the theory that denied the existence of luminiferous ether in space. Remarkably, Einstein exploited just these 2 rules to rewrite the laws of physics around the world.

Of course, there were several other assumptions as well, but these are made in almost every physics theory [for example, isotropy and homogeneity of space and the independence of instruments measuring quantities based on their past history]. 


WHAT ARE THE CONSEQUENCES?

In his research paper published on 26th September 1905, Einstein emphasized on the consequences of special relativity:
  • Relativistic effects
    • Time dilation
    • Length Contraction
    • Relativistic Mass
  • Mass-Energy Equivalence
    • The most famous equation
    • Universal speed limit
  • Law of Causality
Each of these consequences has changed our understanding of the world, playing a pivotal role in the modern advancement and innovation of technology. In fact, these consequences are truly what give the theory of special relativity the recognition it deserves. Learn special relativity in its entirety through this oversimplified presentation.

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